Maternal Thyroid Dysfunction: Here's Everything You Need To Know

Maternal thyroid dysfunction refers to any thyroid malfunction that occurs during pregnancy. This can include hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). In this article we discuss the signs, causes, and prevention tips for condition.

Signs 

1. Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)

• Rapid heartbeat
• Weight loss
• Anxiety or irritability
• Tremors
• Fatigue
• Difficulty sleeping

2. Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)

• Fatigue
• Weight gain
• Depression
• Constipation
• Cold intolerance
• Dry skin

Causes 

1. Graves' Disease: This is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism.

2. Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: An autoimmune condition that leads to hypothyroidism.

3. Postpartum Thyroiditis: An inflammatory condition that may cause transient hyper- or hypothyroidism after delivery.

4. Iodine Deficiency: Inadequate dietary intake of iodine can contribute to thyroid dysfunction.

5. Thyroid Nodules or Goitre: Enlargement or growths on the thyroid gland can disrupt its function.

Treatment options

The treatment of maternal thyroid dysfunction depends on the specific condition and severity. Medication, regular check ups with a healthcare provider, Radio-iodine therapy (for hyperthyroidism) or surgical Intervention (for hyperthyroidism) may be suggested as treatment.

Prevention Tips

Here are 10 tips to help lower the risk of maternal thyroid dysfunction:

1. Eat a nutritious diet

Consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats to ensure optimal thyroid function and overall health.

2. Monitor iodine intake

Adequate iodine is crucial for thyroid health. Ensure you include iodine-rich foods like seafood, seaweed, eggs, and dairy products in your diet.

3. Manage stress levels

Prolonged stress can affect thyroid function. Practice stress management techniques such as yoga, meditation, deep breathing exercises, or engaging in hobbies to reduce stress levels.

4. Get regular exercise

Engage in moderate-intensity exercise for at least 30 minutes most days of the week. Physical activity promotes overall health and can support thyroid function.

5. Maintain a healthy weight

Obesity and overweight can increase the risk of developing thyroid problems. Aim to maintain a healthy weight through a combination of a balanced diet and regular exercise.

6. Get enough sleep

Inadequate sleep can disrupt thyroid function. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night to support optimal hormone production and overall well-being.

7. Avoid exposure to toxins

Certain environmental toxins like pesticides, chemicals, and heavy metals can disrupt the thyroid. Minimise exposure to such toxins by choosing organic or locally sourced produce, using chemical-free household products, and avoiding smoking or secondhand smoke.

8. Regular thyroid check-ups

Ensure you visit your healthcare provider regularly for routine thyroid screenings. Early detection of any abnormalities can help in timely intervention and management.

9. Know your family history

Some thyroid disorders have a genetic component. If there is a family history of thyroid dysfunction, consider discussing it with your healthcare provider to determine necessary precautions or screenings.

10. Communication with healthcare provider

Maintain open communication with your healthcare provider regarding any symptoms or concerns related to thyroid health. They can provide specific advice tailored to your individual situation and guide you towards better overall health.

It is essential for pregnant women to discuss any concerns or symptoms with their healthcare provider, who can provide appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and management options based on their individual needs. .

Disclaimer: This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.