Energy-dense foods trigger diabetes

A diet packed with energy-dense foods, those containing more calories per volume, may increase a person's risk of developing type 2 diabetes, independent of baseline obesity. High energy-dense foods include highly processed foods, fatty foods, meats, and calorie-laden fruit juices or soft drinks, whereas low energy-dense foods include fresh fruits and vegetables, water and calorie-free drinks. High energy-dense foods tend to contain more energy (calories) and have been associated with weight gain and elevated blood sugar. To see if high energy-dose foods increase the chances of developing diabetes, researchers from Britain assessed 21,919 adults, aged between 40 and 79 years, who were free of diabetes, cancer, or cardiovascular disease at the start of the study. Food frequency data obtained at enrollment showed that those with highest energy-dense diets averaged 2,592 daily calories (36.6 percent from fat). This group consumed greater amounts of meat, processed meat, and soft drinks, and lower amounts of fresh vegetables and fruit, and water or other calorie-free beverages. In contrast, those with the lowest energy-dense diets averaged 1,539 calories per day (29 percent from fat) and consumed more fresh vegetables, fruit, and calorie-free drinks, and less meats, processed meats, and soft drinks. During the 12 years of follow-up, 725 people developed type 2 diabetes and those with the most energy-dense diets, compared with the least, had 60 percent higher risk for developing diabetes. Although further study is required, the above findings suggest that adoption of healthier, less energy-dense diets in combination with other lifestyle factors and physical activity could help prevent diabetes.

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