Will Cutting Down Your Sodium Intake Reduce The Risk Of Non-Communicable Diseases?

Reducing sodium intake has gained attention as a potential step towards lowering the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Sodium, often found in high amounts in processed foods, can lead to increased blood pressure and, over time, contribute to various health complications. With non-communicable diseases becoming leading causes of death globally, making dietary adjustments to reduce sodium intake may play a significant role in prevention. Here, we explore the impact of sodium reduction on health and how it might contribute to managing NCD risks.

Sodium intake and its impact on non-communicable diseases

Excessive sodium intake can lead to hypertension, which is a significant risk factor for NCDs like cardiovascular disease. Reducing sodium in the diet helps manage blood pressure levels, which in turn reduces the risk of non-communicable diseases. Additionally, cutting down sodium also supports kidney health, as high sodium intake can strain kidney function over time.

Ways reducing sodium can reduce disease risks

Here are key points on how a low-sodium diet can reduce the risk of certain non-communicable diseases:

1. Supports healthy blood pressure

Excess sodium causes fluid retention, increasing blood pressure. Reducing sodium intake helps maintain healthier blood pressure levels, lowering the risk of heart disease and stroke.

2. Promotes heart health

By lowering blood pressure, a low-sodium diet reduces strain on the heart, which is crucial for preventing cardiovascular complications like heart failure and coronary artery disease.

3. Reduces kidney disease risk

Sodium excess can impair kidney function over time, as kidneys must work harder to eliminate the additional salt. A reduced sodium intake eases this burden, helping to maintain optimal kidney function.

4. Decreases stroke risk

Lowering blood pressure through sodium reduction also reduces stroke risk. High blood pressure is one of the primary contributors to stroke, and cutting back on salt is a simple way to manage this risk.

4. Improves vascular function

High sodium intake can lead to stiffening of blood vessels. Reducing salt may improve vascular flexibility, which supports healthy blood circulation and decreases the risk of hypertension-related diseases.

5. Supports brain health

Elevated blood pressure from excessive sodium can damage blood vessels in the brain, potentially leading to cognitive decline. Reducing sodium could help maintain better brain function over time.

6. Aids in fluid balance

Sodium regulates body fluids, and too much sodium disrupts this balance, potentially leading to bloating and oedema. A lower sodium intake helps the body maintain a healthier fluid balance, which is also beneficial for heart and kidney health.

WHO study: Reducing sodium for better health outcomes

According to recent findings aligned with the World Health Organisation's recommendations, adhering to daily sodium intake guidelines could prevent numerous deaths related to heart and kidney disease. The WHO emphasises that a daily sodium intake of under 2,000 mg (about one teaspoon of salt) can significantly decrease the risk of non-communicable diseases by lowering blood pressure and improving heart health. These recommendations encourage global efforts to reduce dietary sodium through public awareness and food industry regulations to lower sodium content in processed foods.

Reducing sodium intake is a proactive way to lower the risk of serious health issues like heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. While dietary changes may seem small, the impact on long-term health is profound, as supported by WHO recommendations and scientific studies. Lowering sodium doesn't mean eliminating flavor—it simply requires a shift toward fresh, minimally processed foods and mindful seasoning choices. By adopting a lower-sodium diet, individuals can make a meaningful difference in managing their health and reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases.

Disclaimer: This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.